@article { author = {Hashem, Hala}, title = {Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition and Tissue Healing}, journal = {Journal of Medical Histology}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {81-102}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Cairo University, Faculty of Medicine}, issn = {2536-9172}, eissn = {2536-930X}, doi = {10.21608/jmh.2019.7401.1046}, abstract = {Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the ability of the cells to lose the epithelial features with gaining of mesenchymal one. It is a dynamic and reversible process induced by damage, hypoxia or inflammation. The execution of EMT events could be complete or partial during tissue repair of different organs. During wound healing, EMT has important role for re-epithelialization, angiogenesis and for Langerhans cells immunologic role. On the other hand, sustained EMT is a key mechanism underlying the wound scaring, fibrotic pathology of multiple organs, cataract and endometriosis. Hence, the understanding of EMT regulation during wound healing and tissue repair has important clinical implications as chronic wounds represent major health care costs. EMT could yield adult cells with stem cell characteristics. Therefore, one could predict that, it contributes to the pool of different progenitor cells to maintain organs homeostasis. Further analyses are necessary to determine whether EMT in normal tissues leads to the production of normal stem cells.}, keywords = {Epithelial,Healing,mesenchymal,Tissue,transition}, url = {https://jmh.journals.ekb.eg/article_45428.html}, eprint = {https://jmh.journals.ekb.eg/article_45428_cee9b483774c680fa29febe8fe63dabf.pdf} } @article { author = {ElKalawy, Seham and Abd Elkader, Dina and Ibrahim, Ehab and Swifi, Shaimaa}, title = {Comparative Histological and immunohistochemical study on the effect of curcumin and wild honey versus omeprazole on a rat model of gastric ulcer}, journal = {Journal of Medical Histology}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {103-114}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Cairo University, Faculty of Medicine}, issn = {2536-9172}, eissn = {2536-930X}, doi = {10.21608/jmh.2019.6357.1044}, abstract = {Background and objectives: Gastric ulcers are among the most common diseases affecting humans. Omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, is widely used in the treatment of peptic ulcer. Wild honey alone, or in combination with other natural products, has been used to treat gastric ulcer. This study aimed to investigate the possible curative role of curcumin combined with wild honey in comparison to omeprazole on aspirin- induced gastric mucosal damage in adult male albino rats.Methods and Results: Thirty adult male albino rats were divided into: Group1 (control group), group2 (ulcer group) (received 200mgkg BW aspirin orally). On day 6, rats of group2 were equally subdivided into; subgroup 2a (continued Aspirin), subgroup 2b (received combined curcumin and honey) and subgroup 2c (received 20mgkg BW omeprazole orally). All rats were sacrificed at day 11. Fundic specimens were processed for H &E, PAS, and immunohistochemical stain for COX-2, followed by morphometric assessment and statistical analysis. Aspirin-induced ulcer was evidenced by sloughing of surface epithelium, widened fundic glands, vacuolated surface and mucous neck cells and some vacuolated or shrunken oxyntic with pyknotic nuclei, in addition to significant increase in COX-2 immunoexpression. Combined curcumin and honey improved these histological alterations with a significant decrease in COX-2 immunoreactivity.Conclusion: the combination of curcumin and wild honey healed most of the deleterious morphological changes of aspirin-induced gastric ulcer, with a comparable effect to omeprazole. This offers an alternative treatment of peptic ulcer to avoid adverse drug reactions.}, keywords = {COX-2,Curcumin,Gastric ulcer,Immunohistochemistry,Omeprazole,wild honey}, url = {https://jmh.journals.ekb.eg/article_45429.html}, eprint = {https://jmh.journals.ekb.eg/article_45429_c755d27381cd24f4657f54540e8b8f85.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohammed, Maha and abd elfadeel, Karima and Abdel-Aziz, Heba and Fawzy, Aml and Samy, Walaa}, title = {The effect of chronic stress on the testis of adult albino Rats and the possible protective effect of astaxanthin supplementation (Histological, immunohistochemical and biochemical studies)}, journal = {Journal of Medical Histology}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {115-130}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Cairo University, Faculty of Medicine}, issn = {2536-9172}, eissn = {2536-930X}, doi = {10.21608/jmh.2019.7416.1048}, abstract = {Background and Objectives: Stress can disrupt homeostasic balance within the organisms. Chronic stress can have damaging effects on the whole organism. The present study aimed to throw more light on themolecular,immunological and histological alterations in adult albino rat’s testis subjected to chronic stress and to demonstrate whether the potential chronic stress‑induced testicular alterations could be ameliorated by astaxanthin or not.Materials and Methods: Forty healthy adult male albino rats were used in this study, they were assigned as 3 main groups: Group I (Control group) which are subdivided into two equal groups, Group II (stress group) rats were restrained for 1 h and after 4 hs they are forced to swim for 15 minutes every day for 6 months, and Group III (protective group) rats were subjected to stressors as previous group in concomitant with daily administration of astaxanthin (25mg/kg b.w.) dissolved in 1ml normal saline in a single daily doseorally in a single daily dose. Blood samples and testicular tissues were collected and assayed for histological, immunohistochemical and biochemical changes.Results: The results of the present study demon‌strated thatthere were degenerative changes in spermatogenic and Sertoli cells of stress group and were associated with statistical significant reduction in height of germinal epithelium, Ki-67 and vimentinimmunoexpression.These changes were observed to be reduced in astaxanthin protected group.Also,there was a decrease in serum testosterone levels in stress group, which were normalized after astaxanthin administration. Also, stress significantly increased the serum levels of malondialdehyde, and decreased levels of total antioxidant capacity TAC.Conclusions: This study concluded that astaxanthin has beneficial protective effects against the deleterious effects of chronic stress on the testis. Therefore, it may be a suitable nutrional supplement in alleviating some negative aspects of chronic stress effects on testis.}, keywords = {Astaxanthin,Ki-67,sertoli cell,Stress,vimentin}, url = {https://jmh.journals.ekb.eg/article_45430.html}, eprint = {https://jmh.journals.ekb.eg/article_45430_fc4d5261f39629120cf1208b3b3c37b8.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohamed, Dalia and Ahmed, Samah and Shalaby, Sally and Abd Elkader, Eman}, title = {Histological and Biochemical Study on the Estrogen Role in Indomethacin-induced Gastric Ulcer of Menopausal Rats}, journal = {Journal of Medical Histology}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {146-161}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Cairo University, Faculty of Medicine}, issn = {2536-9172}, eissn = {2536-930X}, doi = {10.21608/jmh.2019.7974.1050}, abstract = {Background: Estrogen is a principal female sex hormone that originally characterized by its importance in sexual growth and reproduction. Nevertheless, emergent evidence proposes clinical relationship between estrogen/ estrogen receptors and gastric diseases. This association is definitely under several investigated topics.Aim: The current study designed to explore exogenous estrogen effect on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in postmenopausal female rats.Matrial and methods: Twenty-four female rats (200 ± 20 gram BW) were allocated randomly into four groups; control, ulcer-induced, ranitidine-treated and (ranitidine&estradiol velerate) combined-treated group. Animal in all group except control subjected to ovariectomy to assimilate menopausal condition. At end of the experiment, the stomach fundus examined macroscopically to assess the ulcer severity and ulcer score in different groups. Histopatholgical and biochemical evaluation also were performed and all results were statistically analyzed.Results: Indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in ovariectomized rats showed destroyed fundic mucosa and mucus layer, increase oxidative stress markers, inflammatory mediators and myeloperoxidase. Treatment with ranitidine attenuated the histological and biochemical changes but within limits. Better improvement was accomplished when ranitidine combined with estrogen.Conclusion: The postmenopausal women should be supplemented with estrogen not only to control menopausal symptoms but also to protect and maintain gastric mucosal integrity.}, keywords = {Estrogen,Gastric ulcer,Menopause,Rats}, url = {https://jmh.journals.ekb.eg/article_45432.html}, eprint = {https://jmh.journals.ekb.eg/article_45432_3daca5d5135d3922ade60428a2dc94bd.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdelmoaty, Mohamed and Imam, Reda}, title = {Curcumin Attenuates Apoptosis and promotes cell proliferation and Protects Rats against Gentamycin-induced Nephrotoxicity}, journal = {Journal of Medical Histology}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {162-172}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Cairo University, Faculty of Medicine}, issn = {2536-9172}, eissn = {2536-930X}, doi = {10.21608/jmh.2018.5663.1041}, abstract = {Background: The aminoglycoside antibiotic gentamicin (GEN) was associated with nephrotoxicity in humans. Curcumin (CUR) supplementation is effective for preventing or ameliorating the renal toxicity of some drugs in patients and animals. Aim of Work: Investigating the possible protective role of Curcumin against the adverse gentamycin renal changes in rats and ellucidating its mechanism of action.Material and Methods: Twenty four adult male rats were used in this study. The animals were divided into four groups; Group I (control group), GEN group (II) received Gentamicin (100 mg/kg/day) for 21 days, CUR group (III) received Curcumin for 21 days, GEN + CUR group (IV) received GEN together with CUR (100 mg/kg) for 21 days. All animals were euthanized at the end of experiment and the kidney was obtained. Renal homogenates were assessed for oxidative stress markers Glutathione (GSH) and Malodialdehyde (MDA). Paraffin sections were processed then stained with Hx & E, Masson's trichrome and immunohistochemical stains: BAX (for apoptosis) and PCNA (for cell proliferation).Results: Curcumin had significantly (p<0.05) improved the level of MDA and GSH in renal tissue as compared to Gentamycin received rats. Histologically, gentamycin adverse histological changes were markedly improved in GEN+ CUR group. The area % of collagen fibers and positive BAX reaction in GEN+ CUR group was significantly decreased (p<0.05) as compared to GEN group. The area % of positive PCNA reaction in GEN+CUR group had increased significantly (p<0.05) as compared to GEN group.Conclusion: Curcumin could attenuate apoptosis, promote cell proliferation and protect rats against Gentamycin nephrotoxicity.}, keywords = {Curcumin,gentamicin,kidney,Rats}, url = {https://jmh.journals.ekb.eg/article_45433.html}, eprint = {https://jmh.journals.ekb.eg/article_45433_bebad8bfb4f97d419533fa1a75f5a8b8.pdf} } @article { author = {Attah, Martha and W, Jacks and H., Garba and I., Dibal}, title = {Title: Pancreatic Morphology and Morphometric Analysis of Streptozotocin-induced Diabetes in Albino Rats Treated with n-hexane Extract of Leptadenia hastata Leaves.}, journal = {Journal of Medical Histology}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {173-180}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Cairo University, Faculty of Medicine}, issn = {2536-9172}, eissn = {2536-930X}, doi = {10.21608/jmh.2019.7631.1049}, abstract = {Background and Objectives: Diabetes mellitus is currently a major health problem and one of the most common endocrine diseases in the world especially in many developing countries. Treatment of diabetes have always included the administration of insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents in conjunction with lifestyle modifications. These treatments offer effective glycemic control however present limitations. Hence, traditional anti-diabetic plants have become popular in the management of diabetes mellitus.Methodology: Diabetes mellitus was induced in 20 Wistar rats using a single injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg) administered intraperitonially. The rats were divided into four groups (3-6) of 5 rats each. Rats in group 3-6 received olive oil, 100mg/kg of extract, 200mg/kg of extract and insulin (6IU/kg), respectively. 10 non-diabetic rats were grouped into 1 and 2. They received olive oil and 200mg/kg of extract, respectively for 28 days. At the end of the study, the pancreas were removed and it was subjected tissue preparation.Results: There was an improvement in the area of pancreatic islets in the groups treated with the extract and insulin. The islet cells in the diabetic group were atrophied with pyknotic and karyolitic cells. The mean number of pancreatic islets, pancreatic diameter and number of beta cells in the extract treated groups were significantly (P<0.05) increased when compared to the untreated diabetic rats.Conclusion: n-haxane extract of Leptadenia hastata was found to have anti-diabetic and hypoglycemic properties and was also shown to improve the number and size of pancreatic islets in treated animals.}, keywords = {Diabetes mellitus,leptadenia hastata,Morphology,pancreas,streptozotocin}, url = {https://jmh.journals.ekb.eg/article_45434.html}, eprint = {https://jmh.journals.ekb.eg/article_45434_2ccd51174ed24bbfd86ddb510abdd848.pdf} } @article { author = {Gawish, Magdy and Shaban, Sahar and Abdel Aal, Sara and Shalabi, Salma}, title = {CEffect of Silver Nanoparticles Versus Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on the Lung of Adult Male Albino Rats: A histological and immunohistochemical study}, journal = {Journal of Medical Histology}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {181-200}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Cairo University, Faculty of Medicine}, issn = {2536-9172}, eissn = {2536-930X}, doi = {10.21608/jmh.2019.12054.1055}, abstract = {Background: Silver nanoparticles (Ag-Nps) and Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-Nps) are well-known nanoproducts. Both of them have many industrial applications. Lung is one of the major target organs for prolonged nanoparticles exposure.Objective: This study was designed to investigate and compare the possible histopathological toxic effect of Ag-Nps & TiO2-Nps on lung and which of them is safer for future using.Materials & methods: 54 adult male albino rats were divided into 3 equal groups; GroupI (control group), Group II that subdivided into two subgroups; Subgroup IIa: Ag-Nps group with (100 mg/kg/day) daily for 4 successive weeks and Subgroup IIb recovery group left for 4 weeks without injection, Group III that subdivided into two subgroups; Subgroup IIIa: TiO2-Nps group with (150 mg/kg/day) for 4 successive weeks and Subgroup IIIb recovery group left for 4 weeks without injection. Lung specimens were processed for light and electron microscope and immunohistochemical expression of caspase-3 and CD-68. Morphometric and statistical analysis were performed.Results: Group IIa showed collapsed alveoli, others showed ballooned distension and marked thickening of inter-alveolar septa. Extensive cellular infiltration was detected. Group IIIa showed focal areas of collapsed alveoli and thick inter-alveolar septa. Mild cellular infiltrations were observed. Areas of extravasation were detected in the interstitium. Group IIIb showed signs of improvement which is more than group IIb.Conclusion: exposure to Ag-Nps showed marked alterations on histological structure of lung, which is more than the alteration caused by TiO2-Nps; in addition, recovery period was proved to ameliorate these changes better in TiO2-Nps.}, keywords = {lung,Rats,silver nanoparticles,Titanium dioxide nanoparticles}, url = {https://jmh.journals.ekb.eg/article_45435.html}, eprint = {https://jmh.journals.ekb.eg/article_45435_c64cc02e5c91968f836175fd4d3f253d.pdf} }