Omar, A., Khaled, A. (2023). Exosomes: the natural bio-nanomedicine. Journal of Medical Histology, 7(2), 132-143. doi: 10.21608/jmh.2024.289549.1128
Abeer Omar; Abdelrahman Khaled. "Exosomes: the natural bio-nanomedicine". Journal of Medical Histology, 7, 2, 2023, 132-143. doi: 10.21608/jmh.2024.289549.1128
Omar, A., Khaled, A. (2023). 'Exosomes: the natural bio-nanomedicine', Journal of Medical Histology, 7(2), pp. 132-143. doi: 10.21608/jmh.2024.289549.1128
Omar, A., Khaled, A. Exosomes: the natural bio-nanomedicine. Journal of Medical Histology, 2023; 7(2): 132-143. doi: 10.21608/jmh.2024.289549.1128
1Department of Histology, , Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
224th Year Medical Student, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
Abstract
Nanoparticles are naturally present or engineered particles. They are characterized by their tiny sizes (less than 100 nanometers) with high surface area to volume ratio. This exclusive minute size gives them many properties that allow them to be broadly used in different industries like cosmetics, beverages, and food packing. Additionally, they have the capabilities to enter the mammalian body through ingestion, inhalation, or cutaneous absorption. Besides, they can modify the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drugs affecting their distribution throughout body tissues. Amongst the nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) are widely used in pacemakers, stents, implants and delivery in medicine, pharmacy, and industry. As well, they are encouragingly used as a vehicle for chemotherapy. In addition, they can be used to recognize and control certain microorganisms’ growth and to prepare vaccines for certain diseases. Exosomes are the mini versions of the cells from which they are released by exocytosis. They can selectively home to different cells and tissues through different mechanisms introducing their cargoes inside these target cells modifying their behavior and fate. They can be isolated from different cells like stem cells by different mechanisms. This work was aiming at identifying the advantages and disadvantages of exosomes as a natural bio-nanomedicine, especially those extracted from stem cells.
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